In this guide

Water Heater Costs by Power Source

Like furnaces, stoves, and other appliances in your home, your hot water heater can be powered by different fuels. Depending on where you live and which utilities you already have in your home, your choices can be electric, gas, and solar. Each has its own price and other attributes that may make one a better fit for your home.

Electric Water Heater Cost

The cost of an electric water heater is between $200 and $2,000. Heaters are usually powered by either gas or electricity. Electric heaters are typically cheaper than gas heaters. They require less maintenance and are often more eco-friendly but not quite as efficient overall. Also, the installation can be more complicated. Your costs vary depending on the water heater type and size.

Gas Water Heater Cost

The cost of a gas water heater ranges from $400 to $3,000. Gas heaters function when the power goes out. They run off of natural gas, regular gas, heating oil, and propane ¹, so you can choose between different fuel sources, depending on accessibility and prices in your area. The running costs of gas heaters are typically lower, but they are less eco-friendly. Costs depend on the heater type and size.

Solar Water Heater Cost

The cost of a solar heater averages $2,800 and $9,800. A solar water heater uses solar power, taken from the sun, to heat the water. They come in various types and sizes and are one of the most expensive heaters you can buy and install. However, they can save you money in the long run by using a renewable and eco-friendly energy source. Solar heater costs depend on the system type.

Water Heater Costs by Type

There are several types of water heaters, including standard tank, tankless, hybrid, and solar-powered heaters. They vary in size and functionality, but all do the same basic thing - heat your water. The total heater cost varies depending on the type, and different types can be easier to install and maintain and have varying lifespans and features. All the heaters, except solar heaters, can be powered by electricity or gas, and the power source also impacts the final price. The table below shows the four main types of water heaters with their average prices.

Tank Water Heater Cost

The average cost of an electric tank-style water heater is between $350 and $1,000. For gas, costs range from $400 to $1,500. A tank water heater is the most traditional water heater, found in many homes around the world. These heaters come with a large tank that stores and heats the water in advance, allowing you to turn on the shower or faucets and slowly drain the hot water out of the tank. On the plus side, they provide a large supply of hot water instantly, but on the downside, the tank needs to be refilled after emptying.

Tankless Water Heater Cost

The average costs of an electric tankless water heater are $450 to $1,500 for a whole-house heater. The average cost for a gas heater is $500 to $3,000. A tankless water heater does not have a large tank to store the hot water. Instead, they heat the water as you use it, making them more energy-efficient. One advantage of a tankless water heater is that it is much smaller, taking up less room in the house, and easier to install.

Hybrid Water Heater Cost

A hybrid water heater, also known as a hybrid heat pump ² heater, is one of the most efficient water heaters. They are very large and expensive units, costing between $1,200 and $2,500, but they are very good at heating water without using too much energy. They use a heat pump to pull heat out of the surrounding air and transfer it to the water via coils and a compressor.

Indirect Water Heater Cost

Indirect water heaters are one of the cheapest to run but one of the most expensive to purchase, averaging $1,500 to $3,000. Indirect water heaters use the heat produced by either your furnace or boiler to also heat your water. This keeps your costs to run low because it piggybacks off the costs you already pay to heat your home. But the installation is more invasive and costly. The unit is also larger and more expensive. Ensure you have enough space next to your boiler or furnace to install the indirect water heater.

Water Heater Cost by Gallon

Tank water heaters can be found in a range of different sizes, from relatively small 30-gallon models to much larger 80-gallon units. The smaller models are better for smaller homes with just one or two people, while larger families need bigger water heaters to provide sufficient hot water for all of their daily showers and other needs. The table below shows average prices for water heaters of different capacities.

30-Gallon Water Heater Cost

The average cost for a 30-gallon heater is between $300 and $900. A 30-gallon heater is a good choice for a home with 2 to 3 people, but it can also be a good option for people living on their own.

40-Gallon Water Heater Cost

A 40-gallon heater averages $350 to $1,500. It is a good choice for a home with 3 to 4 people and should provide enough hot water for the typical small family.

50-Gallon Water Heater Cost

The average cost for a 50-gallon water heater ranges from $400 to $2,300. They are best suited for homes with 4 to 5 people, catering to families with 2 to 3 children.

75-Gallon Water Heater Cost

If you have a larger family with over 5 members, a 75-gallon water heater is one of the best options, with costs averaging $800 to $3,000. This size has sufficient power to handle multiple showers and faucets running simultaneously.

80-Gallon Water Heater Cost

For those with the largest households and families with 6+ members, an 80-gallon water heater may be the right option. This heater costs between $1,000 and $3,200. With its huge tank, it meets the needs of big families. This size tank is also recommended for performance shower systems because it can handle the higher demand for water at once. If you need this much hot water, it is better to choose a single large unit rather than rely on two smaller ones. The added plumbing expense would more than double the project costs.

Labor Costs to Install a Water Heater by Type

In addition to the material costs, you must also consider the labor costs to install the water heater. Prices vary greatly depending on the plumber and heater type. Plumbers typically charge $45 to $200 per hour. Some heaters can be installed in a couple of hours, while others require a full day, with prices ranging from $150 to $3,500. Some heaters are very difficult to install, so the prices are much higher. Tank heaters are usually the simplest, and solar heaters are the most complicated and expensive. The table below shows the average labor and total project costs for each heater.

Tank Water Heater Installation Cost

The cost to install a traditional tank-style water heater is between $270 and $500, making the total cost $470 to $2,000. Installation of the unit is fairly easy. The tank is set in place and connected to the water supply, water output, and energy source. The costs increase if you need to extend your gas line to connect the heater or if you need to modify the electric source. The tank is easy to place, making the overall installation fairly quick and not very invasive. When replacing an existing model of the same type, your overall costs will be lower.

Tankless Water Heater Installation Cost

The installation cost for a tankless water heater ranges from $500 to $1,500. This makes the total cost for a tankless system $950 to $4,500. This installation is much more complex and invasive than for a tank installation. In this case, the walls must be opened where the heater will be. The pipes must be cut, and the heater installed between them. Then, it needs to be connected to the energy source. If you already have a gas line or wiring nearby, costs are much lower than if you need to run a line to the heater. Depending on the heater location, you may have additional costs with refinishing the wall after the installation.

Hybrid Water Heater Installation Cost

A hybrid water heater installation averages $200 to $600, bringing the total costs to $1,400 to $3,100. Like other heaters, the costs depend on whether the power source is already in place. If you need a gas line run, your costs are higher. If you have the wiring in place, your costs are lower than if you need new wiring. Hybrid heaters usually need more space than other heaters, meaning their locations can be limited. This may mean that pipes need to be run to them, increasing costs.

Indirect Hot Water Heater Installation Costs

The cost to install an indirect hot water heater is between $1,500 and $3,500, with total costs of $1,840 to $6,500. In this case, the water heater does not have its own energy source. It uses the energy provided by your boiler or furnace, so the fuel source does not matter. Instead, installation needs to connect the water heater to the furnace or boiler. Costs depend on the furnace or boiler type and the distance between the heater and hot water tank. The farther away the two appliances are, the higher the installation cost and the less efficient the final installation.

Labor Costs to Install a Water Heater by Energy Source

The fuel source you use to heat your water is at least partially responsible for your costs. This is true of any heater you purchase, except for the indirect mode that gets its heat from your boiler or furnace. In general, electric heaters cost the least to install, while solar costs the most.

Cost to Install an Electric Water Heater

Labor costs to install an electric water heater range from $270 to $1,000, depending on the heater type and location. The total costs are $470 to $4,500. Electric heaters are generally easier to install. They are most commonly hardwired into your home’s electrical system. If you have existing wiring nearby, your overall costs are lower than if you need to wire the area. The heater type and location also drive costs. A tank heater costs less to install than a tankless system.

Cost to Install a Gas Water Heater

The labor costs to install a gas water heater average $350 to $1,500, making the total cost $550 to $5,000. Like electric heaters, costs vary by heater type and location. If you need to extend a gas line to fuel the heater, your costs are higher than if the gas line is already there. Hooking up a gas heater is not very difficult, but it takes slightly longer than installing an electric heater of the same type. This extra time accounts for the higher costs, even in areas where the gas line already exists. Tank heaters cost less to install than the tankless models.

Cost to Install a Solar Water Heater

Labor costs for installing a solar water heater range from $2,000 to $4,000, with total costs of $4,800 to $13,800. Solar installations are typically higher than average due to the way that they are constructed. They typically use a series of solar tubes that are installed on your roof. Water is designed to circulate through the tubes consistently to heat the water. Due to the location of the tubes and how far they may have to run to hook up with your water supply, this may mean a higher installation cost. The more tubes and the longer they have to run, the higher the costs.

Water Heater Installation Cost by Type of Vent

Water heaters can also be divided into two other categories: direct vent and power vent. The difference between these two heaters concerns the ways they deal with exhaust gases produced from burning the fuel. With a direct vent heater, the exhaust gases are vented out via an exhaust pipe or chimney. With a power vent heater, there is a fan or blower that aids in removing the gases. Expect to pay $500 to $1,000 more for a power vent model with installation than for a direct vent model.

Direct Vent Water Heater Installation Cost

An installed direct vent water heater costs between $350 and $4,000. These are both simpler and less expensive to purchase and install. They do not have as many moving parts, so they need fewer repairs over time. All gas water heaters need to vent. Direct vent models work well if your heater is placed near an outside source, meaning the gasses do not need to travel far through a chimney to get out.

Power Vent Water Heater Installation Cost

An installed power vent water heater averages $1,050 to $5,000. They have more moving parts and require electricity to vent. Even if you use gas to heat your water, your water heater requires electricity to work. In a power outage, this method cannot function. When it is operational, it is much more efficient at moving exhaust, however. You can also locate your water heater farther from an outside wall and not worry about the exhaust reaching the outdoors.

How to Determine Which Size Water Heater You Need

Many homeowners are not sure which size heater they need for their homes, and with so many options and capacities available, it can be tricky to figure out which size water heater you need.

This can be made more complicated when choosing between tank and tankless systems because they have different ways of measuring size and capacity. A tank system is measured in gallons, which refers to how many gallons can be stored in the tank at one time. A tankless system is measured in gallons per minute (GPM), which shows how many gallons of hot water it can provide per minute. The table below should help you find the right size for your home.

Whole-house systems require more power and a larger space to operate. They also tend to be more expensive than single-point systems, although that cost is used to provide hot water to the entire house. A 1,500-square-foot home system averages $600 to $800.

Historically, single-point systems were for tankless systems, although there are more options now. Single-point systems tend to be more efficient because the water does not have to travel as far before reaching its destination, giving it a smaller chance of heating unnecessary water and water losing its heat as it travels through long pipes. Single-point systems are smaller and less expensive, ranging from $200 to $400.

Water Heater Replacement Cost

If you already have a water heater in place and need to replace it with a new one, the costs vary depending on the heater type and whether you are replacing your current heater with one of the same type and size. Replacing an electric tank heater with another electric tank heater is much simpler and cheaper than replacing it with a different model. In general, replacing a water heater costs between $500 and $2,000 when replacing the same kind of heater. When replacing a different kind, the price varies from $600 to $3,500. Additional costs include installing new wiring, gas lines, and plumbing, obtaining permits for any necessary construction, and carpentry costs if new walls or spaces need to be built.

Cost to Replace Gas Water Heater

The average cost to replace a gas water heater is between $550 and $2,000, depending on the size. These costs include the removal of the old heater and installing the new one. Your biggest costs are based on the heater size and location, rather than on the replacement. This assumes that your gas line and all other hookups are in good shape. If you need a new gas line or are moving your water heater, your costs will be higher. However, most installations are fairly straightforward and can be done relatively quickly.

Cost to Replace a 40-Gallon Water Heater

The average cost to replace a 40-gallon water heater is between $500 and $2,000. This includes the cost of the new water heater and installation. Most companies remove the old water heater at no additional cost if you purchase the new one from them. If you purchase the new one elsewhere and hire a company to install it, they usually charge between $25 and $50 to remove the old model. This water heater size is fairly common for small homes and is relatively small, meaning replacement can usually be done quickly and easily.

Cost to Move Water Heater

If you need to move an existing water heater, expect to pay between $1,000 and $1,500. This includes the cost of moving the relative pipes or gas line and the labor to disconnect, move, and reconnect the heater. Your total costs depend on how far you move the heater. Anything greater than 3 feet increases the cost. If the heater is currently in a wall, your costs are higher because you have two walls that need to be refinished once the move is complete. When purchasing a new heater, the costs of installing it in a new location are in addition to the initial installation costs.

Tankless vs Tank Water Heater

One of the first decisions to make when buying a water heater is whether you want a tank or tankless model. Both types have advantages, and their prices vary depending on factors like the tank size and flow rate of the tankless model you choose.

Tankless, also called “instant” or “on-demand,” systems are often considered more energy-efficient because they only heat the water when needed. However, some homeowners and consumer groups argue that tankless heaters are not always the best option because of their maintenance requirements and sometimes inconsistent water supply. Tankless heaters tend to be more expensive - $590 to $700 for an installed tank system compared to $1,140 to $1,500 for an equivalent installed tankless system. They can also be more difficult to service. They are not always the best option for those who use lots of water simultaneously, such as a shower, washing machine, and faucet all running at the same time. You can save money in the long term with a tankless heater, using between 24% and 34% less energy on average.

Tank water heaters have a larger reserve of hot water, meaning you can use it for multiple tasks at once, such as taking a shower and washing dishes without any interruption in the supply. They are usually less expensive to install and maintain than tankless heaters and easier to repair as well, although they cost more each year in energy costs. Tank water heaters also tend to provide hot water more quickly than tankless systems. On average, a 30-gallon heater is good for a household of 1 to 3 people, a 40-gallon heater is good for 2 to 5 people, and a 50-gallon heater is good for 4 to 6 people. For a house with more than 6 people or in homes where you have a performance shower unit, you may need to upgrade to a larger unit. It is important to understand, however, that these averages vary greatly, depending on several factors, including your family’s water usage, how many people bathe at once, and how many hot water appliances you use simultaneously. The more usage you have at one time, the greater the tank’s size must be. This can mean that a 30-gallon heater can be fine for a couple who shower at opposite ends of the day and use their dishwasher and washing machine separately. However, a couple who showers simultaneously and have higher-than-average hot water needs for laundry might find they do better with a 40-gallon tank.

Gas vs Electric Water Heater

Another big decision when buying a water heater is choosing between a gas and electric model. You can find both tank and tankless heaters powered by gas or electric, with many models to choose from in both categories. Both gas and electric heaters have advantages and disadvantages and varying price ranges.

Gas water heaters tend to be more expensive initially but can save you money in the long run because their running costs are usually lower. They are regarded as more efficient in heating water quickly, and you can also buy energy-efficient models. You can use a gas heater even when the power goes out, but additional safety concerns and maintenance issues are associated with gas heaters. Expect to pay $1,300 to $2,600 for an installed 40-gallon gas heater.

An electric water heater is cheaper initially but may have higher monthly costs, depending on the energy prices in your area. An electric heater runs the risk of being useless when the power goes out and does not heat water as quickly as a gas heater. But they require less maintenance, have fewer safety concerns, and have lower levels of energy loss.

Expect to pay between $620 and $2,000 for a standard 40-gallon electric heater installed.

Signs You Need a New Water Heater

Many water heaters are designed to last for 10 years or more, but they can break down and eventually need to be replaced as time goes by. Rather than dealing with a sudden breakage, it makes sense to monitor your water heater for warning signs that it might be close to the end of its life. Here are common signs to look for:

• Rusty water - If your water begins to have a rusty or strange color, that is a sign that the heater is suffering corrosion.
• Strange taste - If the water has an odd metallic taste, this may also be a sign of corrosion inside the heater.
• Cold water - If your water is not heating or seems to be less warm than usual, it is likely your heater’s heating element may be broken or in the process of breaking down.
• Strange noises - Any popping or cracking sounds from the heater could signify the heating element is breaking down.
• Leaks - Leaks from the heater are a serious concern and may represent a major internal failure. If you notice any leaks, shut down the power to the system, and call in a professional.
• Old age - If your heater is 10+ years old, there is a good chance that it will not last much longer. Start thinking about a replacement.

Best Location for a Water Heater

There is always a risk of a water heater leaking, which makes its location important. A water heater should be placed somewhere it will not cause major damage if it leaks, such as a storage room or garage. Water heaters need to be accessible for maintenance and should have 12 to 18 inches clearance on all sides.

Water Heater Expansion Tank Cost

An expansion tank is a special safety system you can add to your water heater. It offers additional space for water that expands as it heats, and many modern building codes require an expansion tank to be installed with new heaters. Without this extra space for the water to flow into, pipes may burst as the pressure builds up. Expansion tanks cost between $100 and $350 installed.

How Much Does It Cost to Convert a Gas Water Heater to Electric?

If you already have a gas water heater system in place and want to convert it to an electric one, you need to cover the costs of new electrical wiring and circuits. Converting a gas water heater to electric typically costs between $250 and $600.

How Much Does A Water Heater Permit Cost?

In many places, permits are required for a new water heater, especially when changing the system type. Check with your contractor or plumber for information specific to your area. Permits have a wide price range, averaging $100 to $1,000. The price depends on the type and scale of work that needs to be done.

Enhancement and Improvement Costs

Back Up Hot Water System

Homes with solar water heaters may need a backup hot water system for when the solar system can’t get enough sunlight to work. On average, a standard backup system averages $200-$300.

Flat Plate Solar Collectors

Flat plate solar collectors collect more heat and are a good option for larger heating projects, such as heating swimming pools. They start at around $7,000.

Energy-efficient Water Heaters

Energy-efficient water heaters come in a variety of types and styles. On average, a water heater with an energy-efficient label costs 10%-20% more.

Replacing and Resealing Vents

If you have a gas water heater, it is necessary to vent the system. There are a variety of vents that you can choose, depending on the configuration and type of heater you are using. If you have a sealed-combustion unit, such as in a tiny home or trailer, it does not vent to the outdoors; all other types will vent outside and require sealing to prevent energy loss and inflated utility bills. Replacing and resealing the vents is commonly done by plumbers at a cost of $45-$150, per hour, and takes about one hour to fully install a single vent. The vents cost an average of $30 at most home improvement venues, though your plumber will typically bring along and charge for this part.

Remodeling Terms Cheat Sheet

¹ Propane: A hydrocarbon gas used as a common fuel source